Background and Objectives : Retinoids have recently become an interest to clinicians because of
their ability to inhibit migration and proliferation of the premalignant squamous cells, while
enhancing growth and proliferation of normal cells. Aural cholesteatoma is defined as the state of
hyperproliferative keratinocytes in the middle ear cavity. An in vitro investigation was undertaken
to determine whether all-trans retinoic acid(t-RA) exhibits an inhibitory effect on cholesteatoma
cell proliferation.
Methods : Cholesteatoma tissue was obtained during a middle ear operation, and the explant was
cultured on six well-plates in a culture medium of Medium M-154(Cascade Biologics Inc., USA)
for one week. T-RA was then treated with 10-9M, 10-8M,
10-7M, 10-6M concentrations, respectively. The cholesteatoma explant
cultures were observed daily, and topographic maps were constructed weekly to quantify the
proliferation area. The explant culture area was estimated by Multiscan.
Reasult : In the absence of t-RA, the cholesteatoma explant culture area reached 401.5 ㎟ in four
weeks. But with the administration of t-RA, the cultured area decreased proportionally to t-RA
concentrations which reduced to 224.0㎟, 94.4㎟ respectively in four weeks with
10-8M, 10-6M concentration of t-RA(p＜0.05).
Conclusion : This investigation showed that t-RA has a significant inhibitory effect on
cholesteatoma prliferation. These results suggest that retionoids may have a role in controlling
cholesteatoma disease.
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